Types of Karma — Sanchita, Prarabdha, Agami
The Three Types of Karma
Imagine your life as a bow with three arrows.
One arrow has already flown — you cannot call it back.
One is on the string — ready to be released.
And one — you are shaping right now.
This is the secret of Karma — past, present, and future woven together.
In this blog from Project Sanatana, we will explore the three types of Karma as explained in the Upanishads, Garuḍa Purāṇa, and Bhagavad Gītā:
Sanchita Karma (संचित कर्म) — the stored past
Prarabdha Karma (प्रारब्ध कर्म) — the destiny unfolding now
Agami Karma (आगामी कर्म) — the future you are creating today.
Why Three Types of Karma?
The Upanishads whisper a timeless truth — every action leaves a subtle imprint on the soul, called saṁskāra.
These impressions, like seeds, may sprout in this life, the next, or remain dormant for lifetimes.
📜 Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upanishad (4.4.5) says:
“यथाकर्म यथाश्रुतं”
Yathā-karma yathā-śrutam — “As one acts and as one knows, so does one become.”
The Rishis explained that not all karma bears fruit immediately. Hence, it was divided into three categories for clarity.
1. Sanchita Karma — The Stored Past
Sanchita Karma (संचित कर्म) means ‘accumulated’.
Think of it as an infinite storehouse containing every action, thought, and intention from countless births.
They contain every action, every intention, every whisper of thought — many from births you no longer remember.
In the Garuḍa Purāṇa, karma is not just a spiritual belief — it is described as the very architecture of existence. Every thought, word, and deed leaves an imprint on the soul’s subtle body, shaping both the present and future lives.
📜 Śloka – Garuḍa Purāṇa, Preta Kāṇḍa, 4.5
यथाकर्म यथाश्रुतं यथाशीलं यथाश्रयम् ।
तेषां लोकानवाप्नोति यथासंकल्पमेव च ॥
yathā-karma yathā-śrutaṃ yathā-śīlaṃ yathā-śrayam |
teṣāṃ lokān avāpnoti yathā-saṃkalpam eva ca ||
Meaning:
According to one’s actions, learning, character, and associations, a soul attains corresponding worlds — in perfect alignment with one’s intentions.
Here, the Purāṇa teaches that karma is precise — not random, not arbitrary. The moral and mental fabric of your being determines your soul’s next journey.
Most of these karmas are dormant, waiting for the right conditions to manifest — just as seeds wait for the right season to sprout.
They may not come to fruition in this life at all, but they remain in storage until the time is ripe.”*
Sanchita Karma is your invisible ledger — a cosmic account of past deeds — from which destiny draws when the time is ripe.
2. Prarabdha Karma — Destiny Unfolding
Prārabdha Karma (प्रारब्ध कर्म) is the portion of Sanchita that has ‘ripened’ and is already in motion.
It is the arrow already released — impossible to call back.
Your present birth — your family, your health, even the span of your life — are all shaped by this unfolding script.
No action, however small, goes unnoticed in the cosmic ledger. Even the subtlest thought radiates into the universe and returns in due time. The Garuḍa Purāṇa warns that ignoring this truth leads to repeated suffering.
📜 Śloka – Garuḍa Purāṇa, Dharma Kāṇḍa, 2.36
न कर्मणां परिणामो नष्टो भवति कर्हिचित् ।
कालेन महता ह्येष सर्व एवोपभुज्यते ॥
na karmaṇāṃ pariṇāmo naṣṭo bhavati karhicit |
kālena mahatā hyeṣa sarva evopabhujyate ||
Meaning:
The fruit of karma is never destroyed; even after great spans of time, every action must be experienced in full.
This is the Purāṇa’s gentle but firm reminder: the universe has infinite patience, and your deeds will find you — in this life or another.
Even the greatest sages, having burned their other karmas in the fire of knowledge, still carry a body until their Prārabdha is spent — just as a potter’s wheel continues to spin even after the potter has ceased turning it.
3. Agami Karma — The Future You Create
Agāmi Karma (आगामी कर्म) is the fresh karma you are creating in this very moment — through your thoughts, words, and deeds.
It is the arrow you shape today, which will one day join the quiver of Sanchita and script your tomorrows.
Yet, the Garuḍa Purāṇa is not merely a book of warnings — it offers hope. It teaches that through righteous living, selfless service, and devotion to the Divine, one can transcend the binding chains of karma.
📜 Śloka – Garuḍa Purāṇa, Mokṣa Kāṇḍa, 7.32
धर्मेण पापं निहन्यते ज्ञानात् सर्वं विनश्यति ।
भक्त्या तु परमं स्थानं याति जीवो न संशयः ॥
dharmeṇa pāpaṃ nihanyate jñānāt sarvaṃ vinaśyati |
bhaktyā tu paramaṃ sthānaṃ yāti jīvo na saṃśayaḥ ||
Meaning:
Sin is destroyed by righteousness, all is dissolved through knowledge, and through devotion the soul attains the Supreme state — without doubt.
Thus, karma is not a prison sentence — it is a teacher, showing you the way to freedom.
This is where your freedom lies.
You cannot change yesterday’s harvest, but you can plant better seeds today — seeds of Dharma, compassion, and wisdom — that will bear the fruits you wish to taste.
THE SECRET OF KARMA YOGA
*”Our Rishis did not merely reveal the law of Karma — they gifted us a way to transcend it: Karma Yoga.
By acting with sincerity but without clinging to results, dedicating every act to the Divine, you cease to create binding Agāmi Karma.
When the seeker realizes that every joy and sorrow is the blossoming of seeds they themselves have sown, the heart turns inward. This is when surrender to the Divine becomes natural, and liberation inevitable.
The Bhagavad Gītā (2.47) gives this eternal key:
कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन ।
मा कर्मफलहेतुर्भूर्मा ते सङ्गोऽस्त्वकर्मणि ॥
Karmaṇyevādhikāraste mā phaleṣu kadācana,
mā karmaphalaheturbhūrmā te saṅgo’stvakarmaṇi —
You have the right to action alone, never to its fruits. Let not the fruits of action be your motive, nor let your attachment be to inaction.
Bhagavad Gītā 4.17
गहनाः कर्मणो गतिः ॥
gahanāḥ karmaṇo gatiḥ
Meaning:
The path of karma is profound and mysterious.
Here the Purāṇa and the Gītā meet — revealing that the deepest understanding of karma is not mere intellectual grasp, but an inner awakening.
When Agāmi ceases, Sanchita is burnt in the fire of knowledge (jñānāgni).
Only Prārabdha remains — spinning briefly, like the last turns of a slowing wheel — until stillness, and liberation, arrive.
Conclusion
Sanchita Karma — the stored past
Prarabdha Karma — your present destiny
Agami Karma — the future you are writing today
🌱 Plant seeds of Dharma, compassion, and wisdom.
🌺 Act with awareness, not attachment.
🕉️ And step by step — move beyond the quiver of arrows altogether.
FAQs on the Three Types of Karma
Q1: What is the difference between Sanchita and Prarabdha Karma?
A1: Sanchita is the total accumulated karma, while Prarabdha is the portion of it currently unfolding.
Q2: Can Sanchita Karma be erased?
A2: Yes, scriptures say knowledge (jñāna), devotion (bhakti), and selfless action (karma yoga) burn accumulated karma.
Q3: Why can’t Prarabdha Karma be avoided?
A3: Because it is already in motion — like an arrow released. Even enlightened beings live until their Prarabdha is exhausted.
Q4: How is Agami Karma created?
A4: By your present thoughts, words, and actions. Every choice adds to your future destiny.
Q5: Which scripture explains Karma most clearly?
A5: The Bhagavad Gītā, Garuḍa Purāṇa, and Upanishads provide detailed insights on karma and liberation.
Q6: Can good deeds cancel bad karma?
A6: Dharma can neutralize sinful tendencies, but ultimate freedom comes only through spiritual realization.
Q7: Do animals also accumulate karma?
A7: Yes, but in a limited sense. The human birth is considered special because it allows conscious karma and liberation.
Q8: How can one reduce Agami Karma?
A8: By practicing Karma Yoga — acting without selfish desire and dedicating all work to the Divine.
Q9: Does meditation help in dissolving karma?
A9: Meditation burns mental impressions (saṁskāras) and helps reduce the binding effect of karma.
Q10: What is the fastest way to be free from karma?
A10: Self-realization through jñāna, bhakti, and karma yoga together leads to liberation.